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Changes in the developmental status of preschoolers with sickle cell disease

Julia D Johnston1, Jeffrey Schatz1, Sarah E Bills1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|February 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Regular developmental screening is crucial for children with sickle cell disease. Early detection of developmental delays, especially after cerebrovascular complications, can guide interventions and improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Developmental monitoring and screening are key for identifying children with sickle cell disease (SCD) at risk for cerebrovascular complications.
  • Limited data exist on longitudinal changes in developmental screenings for these children.
  • Cerebrovascular complications in SCD can significantly impact neurodevelopment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine longitudinal developmental screening outcomes in children with sickle cell disease.
  • To investigate the relationship between cerebrovascular complications and developmental delay.
  • To assess the impact of formal developmental interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 43 children with sickle cell disease.
  • Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 2nd edition (ASQ-2) used for screening at ages two and four.
  • Analysis of screening outcome stability and prediction of developmental delay by cerebrovascular events.

Main Results:

  • Two-thirds of children exhibited stable developmental screening outcomes over time.
  • New-onset cerebrovascular complications significantly predicted the emergence of developmental delay (P = 0.017).
  • Multivariate analysis indicated a potential benefit from formal developmental interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Regular developmental screening throughout the preschool years is essential for detecting changes in developmental status in children with SCD.
  • Early identification of developmental delays linked to cerebrovascular complications can inform timely interventions.
  • Longitudinal monitoring is vital for understanding neurodevelopmental trajectories in pediatric sickle cell disease.

Keywords:
cognitive developmentdevelopmental delaydevelopmental stability

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