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Measuring effectiveness in community-based palliative care programs: A systematic review.

Erin Vernon1, M Courtney Hughes2, Monica Kowalczyk2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Community-based palliative care (CBPC) improves end-of-life care by reducing hospitalizations and increasing home deaths. Further research is needed to optimize successful CBPC programs globally.

Keywords:
Community-based palliative careEffectivenessEnd-of-life careHealth outcomesHospiceQualitativeQuantitativeSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care
  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Community-based palliative care (CBPC) integrates local healthcare with symptom and stress relief for seriously ill individuals.
  • Existing literature lacks a comprehensive systematic review on CBPC effectiveness, challenges, and population characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness of community-based palliative care (CBPC) programs.
  • To identify measures of success, challenges, and populations served by CBPC.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of four electronic databases (up to August 2021) following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Quality assessment using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and narrative synthesis of 61 included articles (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods).

Main Results:

  • Quantitative data suggest CBPC increases home deaths, reduces hospitalizations, ED visits, and healthcare costs, while improving quality of life.
  • Qualitative data highlight the need for improved staff/volunteer training in communication and other skills.
  • Limited research exists on CBPC in low-income countries and its impact on vulnerable populations.

Conclusions:

  • CBPC programs show potential as a cost-effective approach to enhance end-of-life care quality.
  • Further research is crucial to understand successful CBPC program characteristics and expand global implementation.
  • Collaboration among researchers, health systems, and governments is essential for effective CBPC program design and dissemination.