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Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
Anomalous right ventricular muscle bands obstructing a large apical muscular ventricular septal defect: From fetal to
Silvia Farruggio1, Elio Caruso1
1San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina (ME), Mediterranean Pediatric Cardiology Center "Bambino Gesù,", Italy.
Insights
Anomalous right ventricle muscle bands can cause obstruction and septal bulging, leading to tricuspid regurgitation. Fetal diagnosis and 3D echocardiography accurately assessed this complex congenital heart defect.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Fetal Medicine
- Pediatric Cardiology
Background:
- Anomalous right ventricle muscle bands and apical ventricular septal defects are congenital heart anomalies that can occur together.
- These anomalies can lead to complex intracardiac hemodynamics and potential complications.
Abstract:
Anomalous right ventricle muscle bands and apical ventricular septal defect are two anomalies sometimes associated. We report a fetal diagnosis of a large apical ventricular septal defect, right intraventricular obstruction caused by anomalous muscle bands; consequently, the high right intraventricular pressure resulted in a right-to-left bulging of ventricular septum and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Postnatal echocardiogram confirmed the fetal diagnosis and defined accurately the right ventricular anatomy through the three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment.
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