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Cognitive impairment in patients with central nervous system tuberculosis
Ignacio Popoca-Rodríguez1, Graciela Cárdenas1
1Clinical Research Unit, Neuroinfectology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suarez," Mexico City, Mexico.
Introduction:
Tuberculosis (TB) in Mexico remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality; in the past 4 years, 110,681 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1571 cases of tuberculous meningitis were reported.
Objective:
To determine the neurocognitive sequelae, clinical presentation and neuroimaging alterations in patients with central nervous system tuberculosis.
Methods:
A retrospective, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out from 2010 to 2019. Patients with central nervous system tuberculosis, with and without HIV/AIDS coinfection, were included.
Results:
During the study period, 104 cases with a definitive or probable central nervous system tuberculosis diagnosis were included; 38% had HIV/AIDS coinfection, and 55%, various comorbidities (p = 0.0001); 49% had cognitive alterations, and 14% died.
Conclusions:
Although HIV/AIDS infection can contribute to cognitive decline in patients with tuberculous meningitis, no differences were observed between patients with and without HIV/AIDS. Cognitive sequelae showed improvement during follow-up with adequate management and therapeutic control of the patients.
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