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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

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Is Oral Health Essential?

Elizabeth McGough¹, Lisa Simon²

¹Fourth-year dental student at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine in Boston, Massachusetts.

AMA Journal of Ethics

|February 8, 2022

Summary

The historical separation of dental and medical education has caused health inequity. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights this divide and offers a chance to unify healthcare delivery systems.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Dental Education
Health Policy

Background:

The founding of the first U.S. dental school in 1840 initiated a historical separation between dentistry and medicine.
Educational and policy decisions have consistently reinforced this divide, leading to significant health inequities.
This separation impacts healthcare access and outcomes, particularly evident during public health crises.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the historical roots of the separation between dental and medical fields.
To examine how this separation contributes to health inequity.
To propose a unified healthcare system model informed by recent public health challenges.

Main Methods:

Historical analysis of educational and policy developments in dentistry and medicine.
Review of healthcare delivery models and their impact on health equity.
Case study analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic's effect on medical and dental care integration.

Main Results:

The historical trajectory of dental and medical education has entrenched a separation that exacerbates health disparities.
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical differences in medical and dental care delivery streams.
The pandemic experience provides insights for restructuring healthcare to bridge the medical-dental divide.

Conclusions:

Reunifying dental and medical care is essential to address systemic health inequities.
Policy and educational reforms are needed to integrate healthcare delivery.
A unified system, informed by the pandemic's lessons, can improve overall public health outcomes.