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Real-time imaging reveals that DNA replication and transcription coordination involves transcriptional repression ahead of replication forks. Impaired coordination leads to conflicts, impacting both DNA replication and transcription dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • DNA replication and transcription must be coordinated during S-phase to prevent conflicts.
  • Existing research highlights mechanisms for conflict mitigation but lacks real-time insights into coordination dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a live-cell imaging method for real-time monitoring of transcription-replication encounters.
  • To investigate the real-time coordination between DNA replication and transcription machinery.

Main Methods:

  • Live-cell imaging techniques were employed to visualize replisome progression and transcription dynamics simultaneously.
  • Real-time monitoring of transcription-replication interactions was performed during S-phase.

Main Results:

  • A wave of partial transcriptional repression was observed ahead of the replication fork, potentially aiding fork progression.
  • Real-time detection of conflicts showed negative impacts, including replication fork stalling/slowdown and reduced transcription levels.
  • Cell subpopulations exhibited varying trade-offs in response to transcription-replication conflicts.

Conclusions:

  • Real-time measurements demonstrate simultaneous transcription and replication while maintaining genomic stability.
  • Impaired coordination between transcription and replication can lead to detrimental conflicts, affecting both processes.