[Long COVID: the next challenge for health care]

Long COVID is seen in a growing group of patients who experience a large number of symptoms after previous infection with SARS-CoV-2. The symptoms persist and are accompanied by impaired functioning without a sufficient pathophysiological explanation. While the condition is more commonly seen in patients who have been critically ill, predictive factors for long COVID are lacking. There are also no objective, diagnostic criteria, evidence-based interventions or scientifically based advice for the follow-up of this group. Recent research shows that most symptoms and limitations diminish over time, but also that there is a small group with permanent physical, psychological and/or cognitive problems. This article describes the current definition, epidemiology, and symptoms of long COVID. The functional and structural abnormalities and additional health risks are also discussed. Finally, it mentions a number of challenges that will have to be addressed to prevent this condition from having adverse consequences not only for individual patients but also casting a large shadow on health care and economic recovery.