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Cortical microstructure in primary progressive aphasia: a multicenter study.

Ignacio Illán-Gala1,2,3, Victor Montal4,5, Sergi Borrego-Écija5,6

  • 1Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain. iillan@santpau.cat.

Alzheimer'S Research & Therapy
|February 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cortical mean diffusivity, a novel imaging metric, detects early microstructural changes in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) more effectively than cortical thickness. This biomarker shows promise for studying neurodegeneration in PPA.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseDiffusionFrontotemporal lobar degenerationMagnetic resonancePrimary progressive aphasia

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cortical mean diffusivity (CMD) is a novel imaging metric sensitive to early neurodegenerative changes.
  • Elevated CMD values indicate microstructural disorganization and may precede macroscopic cortical alterations.
  • This study investigates CMD's sensitivity in detecting cortical changes in primary progressive aphasia (PPA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if cortical mean diffusivity is more sensitive than cortical thickness in detecting cortical changes in PPA.
  • To evaluate CMD as a potential biomarker for early neurodegeneration in PPA variants.
  • To correlate CMD changes with disease severity in PPA.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, case-control study involving 120 PPA patients and 89 controls.
  • 3-Tesla MRI with structural and diffusion-weighted sequences was utilized.
  • Cortical thickness and cortical mean diffusivity were computed using a surface-based approach.

Main Results:

  • Cortical mean diffusivity increases and cortical thinning were observed in PPA variants, overlapping with canonical neurodegeneration loci.
  • CMD increases extended to additional PPA-related areas and correlated with disease severity across all PPA groups.
  • Elevated CMD was detected in very mild PPA cases with minimal cortical thinning, correlating well with disease severity.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical mean diffusivity demonstrates potential as a sensitive biomarker for neurodegeneration-related microstructural changes in PPA.
  • CMD may offer earlier detection of pathological changes compared to cortical thickness.
  • This metric aids in understanding and monitoring the progression of PPA.