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Systematic review on quantifying pedestrian injury when evaluating changes to the built environment.
Keshia M Pollack Porter1, John D Omura2, Rachel M Ballard3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins Institute for Health and Social Policy, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Preventive Medicine Reports
|February 10, 2022
Summary
Creating walkable communities may reduce pedestrian injuries, but measuring this impact is challenging. Few studies assess injury risk in relation to walking, highlighting a need for better data and methods.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Urban Planning
- Injury Prevention
Background:
- Modifying the built environment to enhance walkability is a strategy to increase physical activity.
- These environmental changes may also reduce pedestrian injury risk.
- Current literature shows a gap in how pedestrian injury is measured within physical activity research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review literature on built environment changes promoting walking.
- To identify how pedestrian injury is measured as an indicator of safety in these studies.
- To inform future research on measuring pedestrian injury in walkable community initiatives.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of peer-reviewed studies and grey literature.
- Searched PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases.
- Included studies published between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, in English.
Main Results:
- Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria.
- Most studies used police crash reports to measure pedestrian injury.
- Injury frequency was reported, but not severity or risk exposure.
Conclusions:
- Few studies have measured pedestrian injury when evaluating walkable community interventions.
- Future research should use consistent, well-characterized measures and employ longitudinal designs.
- Collaboration with injury prevention experts can improve measurement validity and reliability.
