Hydrogen peroxide-induced stress acclimation in plants

Among all reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) takes a central role in regulating plant development and responses to the environment. The diverse role of H₂O₂ is achieved through its compartmentalized synthesis, temporal control exerted by the antioxidant machinery, and ability to oxidize specific residues of target proteins. Here, we examine the role of H₂O₂ in stress acclimation beyond the well-studied transcriptional reprogramming, modulation of plant hormonal networks and long-distance signalling waves by highlighting its global impact on the transcriptional regulation and translational machinery.