Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

2.8K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
2.8K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

1.5K
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
1.5K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

269
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
269
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

336
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
336
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

4.1K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
4.1K
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

5.2K
Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nickel and platinum modified exfoliated carbon nitride as photo-thermal catalysts for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

A superconducting transition edge sensor array for synchrotron soft x-ray emission spectroscopies of low-dimensional and impurity-level concentration systems.

The Review of scientific instruments·2026
Same author

Spotlight on the Nucleotide: Solid-State NMR for the Investigation of ATP Hydrolysis in the ATPase SmsC.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

A Structurally Authenticated Closed-Shell Iron(IV) Oxo Ferryl Complex: Synthesis, Properties, and Reactivity.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Antifluorite-derived Li<sub>7</sub>MnN<sub>4</sub>: revisiting the crystal structure and catalysis in ammonia decomposition.

Catalysis science & technology·2026
Same author

Recasting Nitrogenase's Carbide Role as a Beating Heart of Steel: A Joint Inorganic and Organic Perspective for μ<sub>6</sub>Carbide-Iron Bonding.

Inorganic chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
07:55

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Published on: April 17, 2018

12.9K

Enzymatic X-ray absorption spectroelectrochemistry.

Karolina Cząstka1, Alaa A Oughli2, Olaf Rüdiger1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, DE, Germany. serena.debeer@cec.mpg.de.

Faraday Discussions
|February 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) combined with electrochemistry for operando studies of enzymatic electrocatalysts. The method provides valuable insights into enzyme mechanisms and aids in designing better catalysts.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.6K
Raman and IR Spectroelectrochemical Methods as Tools to Analyze Conjugated Organic Compounds
09:11

Raman and IR Spectroelectrochemical Methods as Tools to Analyze Conjugated Organic Compounds

Published on: October 12, 2018

18.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
07:55

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Published on: April 17, 2018

12.9K
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

25.6K
Raman and IR Spectroelectrochemical Methods as Tools to Analyze Conjugated Organic Compounds
09:11

Raman and IR Spectroelectrochemical Methods as Tools to Analyze Conjugated Organic Compounds

Published on: October 12, 2018

18.5K

Area of Science:

  • Bioinorganic Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Electrocatalysis

Background:

  • Understanding enzyme active site changes during electrocatalysis is crucial for catalyst design.
  • X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides geometric and electronic structural insights into enzyme active sites.
  • Combining XAS with electrochemistry (XA-SEC) for bioinorganic applications is rare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and discuss the application of operando XAS combined with electrochemistry for enzymatic systems.
  • To address challenges and explore opportunities in applying operando XAS to enzymatic electrocatalysts.
  • To present a case study using a [NiFe] hydrogenase.

Main Methods:

  • Development of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) coupled with electrochemical techniques for operando studies.
  • Enzyme immobilization on electrodes while maintaining redox control.
  • Application of XA-SEC to a [NiFe] hydrogenase entrapped in a redox polymer.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated feasibility of operando XA-SEC for enzymatic electrocatalysts.
  • Achieved relatively high protein concentrations on electrode surfaces with redox control.
  • Highlighted the need for precise redox control and careful experimental design to distinguish electrochemical changes from beam damage.

Conclusions:

  • Operando XA-SEC is a viable technique for studying enzymatic electrocatalysts.
  • The method offers valuable mechanistic insights and aids in catalyst design.
  • Future applications require precise control and robust experimental strategies.