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Processing of Bulk Nanocrystalline Metals at the US Army Research Laboratory

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Published on: March 7, 2018

Abrading bulk metal into single atoms.

Gao-Feng Han¹, Feng Li^2,3, Alexandre I Rykov⁴

¹School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea.

Nature Nanotechnology

|February 11, 2022

Summary

A novel green synthesis method creates single-atom catalysts using mechanical abrasion. This eco-friendly technique avoids chemicals and waste, paving the way for commercialization of these efficient catalysts.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Catalysis
Green Chemistry

Background:

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) offer high metal utilization and unique properties, driving research interest.
Developing sustainable and scalable synthesis methods is crucial for the commercialization of SACs.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a green, facile, and scalable top-down synthesis method for single-atom catalysts.
To demonstrate the preparation of various SACs using this novel approach.

Main Methods:

A top-down abrasion method was employed, directly atomizing bulk metals onto supports.
Supports included carbon frameworks, oxides, and nitrides.
Metal loading was controlled by adjusting the abrasion rate.

Main Results:

Single-atom catalysts of iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper were successfully synthesized.
The synthesis process was solvent-free, chemical-free, and generated no waste.
Mechanochemical forces were shown to create defects on supports, enabling metal atom trapping.

Conclusions:

The abrasion method provides a green and efficient route for SAC synthesis.
This technique is versatile, applicable to various metals and supports.
The findings facilitate the commercialization of highly efficient single-atom catalysts.