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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

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Oxalate nephropathy: a review.

Jordan L Rosenstock1, Tatyana M J Joab1, Maria V DeVita1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Lenox Hill Hospital, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA.

Clinical Kidney Journal
|February 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This review covers oxalate nephropathy (ON), a kidney condition caused by calcium oxalate crystal buildup. It explores causes like primary, enteric, and ingestion-related hyperoxaluria, and discusses new treatments.

Keywords:
acute kidney injuryoxalate nephropathypathologyprimary hyperoxaluriasecondary hyperoxaluria

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pathology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Oxalate nephropathy (ON) is characterized by decreased renal function due to calcium oxalate crystal deposition in renal tubules.
  • Hyperoxaluria, the excess oxalate in urine, is a key factor in ON development.
  • Causes of hyperoxaluria include primary genetic disorders, enteric issues, and ingestion of oxalate-rich substances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of oxalate nephropathy (ON).
  • To review the clinical and pathological features of ON.
  • To discuss current and emerging therapeutic strategies for hyperoxaluria and ON.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and pathological findings in ON.
  • Analysis of recent case series on biopsy-proven ON.
  • Examination of studies on hyperoxaluria causes and ON predisposing factors, including antibiotic use.

Main Results:

  • Oxalate nephropathy presents with impaired renal function and characteristic crystal deposition.
  • Primary, enteric, and ingestion-related hyperoxaluria are significant contributors to ON.
  • Antibiotic use may be a potential predisposing factor for ON.

Conclusions:

  • Oxalate nephropathy is a distinct clinical entity requiring careful diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding the diverse causes of hyperoxaluria is crucial for effective ON treatment.
  • Novel therapies are emerging, offering new hope for patients with hyperoxaluria and ON.