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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

Published on: January 17, 2025

[Immunotherapy in oncology].

Maxime Frelaut¹, Benjamin Besse¹

¹Département de médecine oncologique, institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.

La Revue Du Praticien

|February 11, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1, revolutionizes treatment by restoring anti-tumour immunity. Careful monitoring is crucial due to unique responses and toxicities.

Keywords:

Immunotherapy Neoplasms

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Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

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Published on: June 7, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology

Background:

Immunotherapy represents a paradigm shift in cancer management.
It restores the immune system's anti-tumour response by overcoming tumour-induced inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the role and implications of novel immunotherapies in oncology.
To highlight the importance of specific patient monitoring during these treatments.

Main Methods:

Overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA-4.
Discussion of ICI applications in various cancer types, as monotherapy or combination treatments.

Main Results:

ICIs are effective across diverse cancer types, both localized and metastatic.
New response patterns (pseudoprogression, hyperprogression) and immune-mediated toxicities emerge.

Conclusions:

Immunotherapy, particularly ICIs, offers significant advancements in cancer treatment.
Specific clinical, biological, and radiological follow-up is essential for patients receiving immunotherapy.