Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

1.2K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
1.2K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.6K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.6K
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

1.4K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
1.4K
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

5.2K
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
5.2K
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

841
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
841
Regulation of the Cardiovascular System01:27

Regulation of the Cardiovascular System

2.1K
The regulation of the cardiovascular system allows the body to adapt to various demands and maintain homeostasis.
The regulation of the cardiovascular system involves the autonomic nervous system (ANS), baroreceptors, and chemoreceptors, ensuring that heart rate and blood pressure are appropriately modulated in response to varying physiological demands.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system enhances...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neck-vein thrombosis during spaceflight.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2025
Same author

Nitrosative Stress in Astronaut Skeletal Muscle in Spaceflight.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Human hypoxia models in aerospace medicine: Potential applications for human pharmacological research.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2024
Same author

Assessing SOFA score trajectories in sepsis using machine learning: A pragmatic approach to improve the accuracy of mortality prediction.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Author Correction: Systematic review of the use of ultrasound for venous assessment and venous thrombosis screening in spaceflight.

NPJ microgravity·2024
Same author

Systematic review of the use of ultrasound for venous assessment and venous thrombosis screening in spaceflight.

NPJ microgravity·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
11:08

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform

Published on: January 13, 2019

12.5K

How spaceflight challenges human cardiovascular health.

Peter Jirak1, Moritz Mirna1, Richard Rezar1

  • 1University Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|February 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Space travel poses risks to cardiovascular health due to weightlessness and radiation. Preventive cardiology and countermeasures are essential for maintaining heart health during long-duration missions and commercial spaceflight.

Keywords:
Postflight orthostatic intoleranceSpaceflight Associated Neuroocular syndromecardiac atrophycardiovascular remodellingcommercial spaceflightcountermeasuremicrogravityneck vein thrombosis

More Related Videos

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology
13:59

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology

Published on: November 13, 2014

13.9K
Evaluating Flight Performance and Eye Movement Patterns Using Virtual Reality Flight Simulator
03:49

Evaluating Flight Performance and Eye Movement Patterns Using Virtual Reality Flight Simulator

Published on: May 19, 2023

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform
11:08

Exploring the Effects of Spaceflight on Mouse Physiology using the Open Access NASA GeneLab Platform

Published on: January 13, 2019

12.5K
Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology
13:59

Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology

Published on: November 13, 2014

13.9K
Evaluating Flight Performance and Eye Movement Patterns Using Virtual Reality Flight Simulator
03:49

Evaluating Flight Performance and Eye Movement Patterns Using Virtual Reality Flight Simulator

Published on: May 19, 2023

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Aerospace medicine
  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Space biology

Background:

  • Spaceflight presents unique environmental stressors, including microgravity and radiation.
  • These conditions can adversely impact cardiovascular function and structure.
  • Future long-duration missions (Moon, Mars) and commercial spaceflight increase cardiovascular health challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on spaceflight's effects on cardiovascular health.
  • To highlight challenges for preventive cardiology in aerospace medicine.
  • To discuss findings from space and terrestrial analog studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on spaceflight and cardiovascular studies.
  • Analysis of data from in-space experiments.
  • Examination of findings from terrestrial analog studies, such as head-down bed rest.

Main Results:

  • Weightlessness causes cephalad fluid shifts, potentially leading to neuro-ocular syndrome, thrombosis, and orthostatic intolerance.
  • Cardiovascular unloading results in cardiopulmonary deconditioning and possible cardiac atrophy.
  • Space conditions may directly impact vascular health, though clinical significance is unclear.

Conclusions:

  • Preventive cardiology and effective countermeasures are critical for astronaut cardiovascular health.
  • Early identification of vascular risks is necessary for safe space travel.
  • Maintaining cardiovascular performance is vital for mission success and astronaut well-being.