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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

Gross Anatomy of Bone

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in...
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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Insights into an Efficient Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model Protocol
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Oral bone biology.

Takehito Ono1, Tomoki Nakashima1

  • 1Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan.

Journal of Oral Biosciences
|February 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral bone biology involves continuous remodeling influenced by health and disease. Recent advancements using novel techniques offer deeper insights into oral bone physiology and pathology for improved clinical practices.

Keywords:
BoneDentistryPathologyPhysiologyTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oral biology
  • Craniofacial bone remodeling
  • Periodontal and tumor pathology

Background:

  • Cranial bones form the head's structure, protect organs, and enable oral functions via temporomandibular joints.
  • Bone remodeling (formation and resorption) is crucial for cranial bone maintenance.
  • Physiological and pathological conditions, such as periodontitis and tumors, impact cranial bone remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of oral bone biology, focusing on physiology and pathology.
  • To highlight recent advancements and insights in the field.
  • To identify areas for future investigation and clinical improvement.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray diffractometry
  • High-resolution microscopy
  • DNA/RNA sequencing
  • Mouse genetics

Main Results:

  • Detailed understanding of hydroxyapatite crystal alignment and bone cell activity.
  • Insights into cell lineage tracing and biomechanics of oral bone.
  • Elucidation of mechanisms underlying oral diseases and potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • Novel techniques have significantly advanced oral bone biology research.
  • Current knowledge provides a foundation for understanding oral bone physiology and pathology.
  • Further research is essential to achieve a comprehensive understanding and enhance clinical practices.