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Crossover Experiments

Crossover Experiments

Crossover experiments, also called the repeated-measurements design, is a study design in which all experimental units are exposed to all treatments in different periods. Crossover experiments are generally used in psychology, the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and medicine.
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Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

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REPP: A robust cross-platform solution for online sensorimotor synchronization experiments.

Manuel Anglada-Tort¹, Peter M C Harrison^2,3, Nori Jacoby²

¹Computational Auditory Perception Group, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. manuel.anglada-tort@ae.mpg.de.

Behavior Research Methods

|February 12, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) research is now accessible online with REPP (Rhythm ExPeriment Platform). This novel technology uses standard computer hardware to accurately measure rhythmic coordination, overcoming previous online limitations.

Keywords:

Movement Online experiments Rhythm Sensorimotor synchronization Timing

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Human-Computer Interaction
Neuroscience

Background:

Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is crucial for behaviors like music and dance.
Traditional SMS studies require specialized lab equipment with high temporal fidelity.
Online SMS research faces challenges due to hardware/software variability causing latency and jitter.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce REPP (Rhythm ExPeriment Platform), a novel technology for online SMS measurement.
Demonstrate REPP's capability using standard laptop microphones and speakers.
Enable scalable and cost-effective SMS research outside traditional laboratory settings.

Main Methods:

Developed REPP, a platform for online sensorimotor synchronization experiments.
Utilized built-in laptop microphones and speakers for data collection.
Conducted calibration and behavioral experiments to validate the platform.

Main Results:

REPP achieves high temporal accuracy (within 2 ms latency/jitter).
Demonstrated high test-retest reliability (lab: r=.87, online: r=.80) and concurrent validity (r=.94).
REPP is automated, customizable, and supports real-time monitoring.

Conclusions:

REPP overcomes limitations of online SMS research.
The platform facilitates large-scale, cost-effective, and rapid data collection.
Opens new research avenues for sensorimotor synchronization studies.