Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Heart failure (HF) is a critical global health issue with high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact.
• Over 64 million individuals worldwide are affected by HF, highlighting its substantial burden.
• While incidence declines in developed nations, HF prevalence rises due to an aging population and improved survival rates.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes contemporary data on the global burden of heart failure.
• It provides updated worldwide estimates for HF prevalence, incidence, outcomes, and costs.
• The review addresses geographical variations and data gaps, particularly from developing countries.

Key Points:

• HF prevalence is increasing globally, despite stabilizing incidence in industrialized countries.
• Factors contributing to rising prevalence include population aging and enhanced cardiovascular disease management.
• Significant data gaps exist for HF epidemiology in developing nations, where the condition may present differently.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive understanding of the global HF burden is crucial for public health strategies.
• Updated epidemiological data are essential for addressing the growing challenge of heart failure worldwide.
• Further research is needed to elucidate HF characteristics and management in diverse global settings.