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Pan-cortical coordination underlying mental effort.

Ronald P Lesser1, W R S Webber2, Diana L Miglioretti3

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Departments of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
|February 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive tasks can suppress epileptiform activity by engaging widespread, coordinated brain changes. These pan-cortical processes influence brain function beyond localized networks, impacting waking experiences.

Keywords:
AfterdischargesAttentionCognitionCoherenceElectrocorticography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Brain activity is typically associated with specific regions or networks.
  • However, tasks unrelated to specific brain functions can alter activity in those regions.
  • This suggests broader mechanisms may influence localized brain activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate widespread electroencephalographic changes associated with the termination of epileptiform activity.
  • To determine if these changes extend beyond localized brain regions.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed electrocorticography data from 15 epilepsy patients undergoing brain stimulation.
  • Measured wavelet cross-coherence changes using 1276 electrodes during cognitive tasks aimed at suppressing afterdischarges.
  • Compared brain activity during successful versus unsuccessful suppression of epileptiform activity.

Main Results:

  • Found similar electrocorticographic coherence changes across the entire cortex when afterdischarges were suppressed.
  • These changes were consistent regardless of the distance between recording sites.
  • Indicated a coordinated, pan-cortical effect.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the existence of pan-cortical processes that complement regional and multiregional brain networks.
  • These widespread mechanisms may play a role in various cognitive experiences and waking consciousness.
  • Suggests a unified cortical mechanism underlying cognitive control and brain state modulation.