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Nutritional status in patients with advanced-stage multiple sclerosis
Maëlys Teng1, Djamel Bensmail2,3,4, Mouna Hanachi5,6
1Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation - APHP, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France.
European Journal of Neurology
|February 13, 2022
Summary
Malnutrition is common in advanced multiple sclerosis (MS) cases, affecting over half of patients studied. Early disease stages may offer protection against malnutrition in MS patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Nutritional Science
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause motor and swallowing dysfunctions, impacting calorie intake and energy balance.
- Nutritional status in early MS stages (median EDSS=3) has been studied, but not in severe cases.
- Advanced MS presents unique challenges for maintaining adequate nutritional status.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the nutritional status of patients with advanced-stage multiple sclerosis.
- To identify factors associated with malnutrition in severe MS.
- To inform potential therapeutic strategies for nutritional support in MS.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of a prospective registry of 163 MS patients.
- Utilized French Health Authority (HAS) malnutrition criteria: BMI <21 kg/m² and/or albumin <35 g/L.
- Performed univariate and multivariate analyses to associate malnutrition with MS characteristics.
Main Results:
- 57% of advanced MS patients (median EDSS=8) met malnutrition criteria.
- Malnutrition was linked to MS severity (EDSS ≥8.5), primary progressive MS, and swallowing disorders.
- Lower disability (EDSS <7) was the only independent protective factor against malnutrition.
Conclusions:
- Malnutrition is highly prevalent in advanced multiple sclerosis.
- Standardized nutritional evaluation is needed to guide therapeutic interventions.
- Addressing malnutrition is a critical aspect of managing severe MS.
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