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Muscle endoplasmic reticulum stress in exercise.

Bruno B Marafon1, Ana P Pinto2, Eduardo R Ropelle3

  • 1School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.

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|February 13, 2022
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Physical exercise impacts endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. While moderate exercise helps, intense or prolonged exercise without rest can worsen ER stress and overtraining in skeletal muscles.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) manages protein folding and modification.
  • ER stress arises from misfolded protein accumulation, activating the unfolded protein response (UPR).
  • UPR comprises three pathways crucial for secreted protein quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on how different physical exercise protocols affect skeletal muscle ER stress.
  • To explore the metabolic consequences of exercise-induced ER stress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on acute and chronic exercise effects.
  • Analysis of research on resistance and endurance exercise impacts.
  • Examination of overtraining effects on ER stress pathways.

Main Results:

  • Acute exercise (resistance/endurance) can induce ER stress and UPR.
  • Regular moderate exercise attenuates ER stress markers.
  • Overtraining without adequate rest exacerbates ER stress and hinders adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise intensity, volume, and recovery critically influence ER stress in skeletal muscle.
  • Understanding these dynamics is key for optimizing exercise for metabolic health.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate exercise-induced ER stress adaptations.