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Elastic waves in particulate glass-rubber mixtures.

Kianoosh Taghizadeh1,2, Holger Steeb2, Stefan Luding1

  • 1Multi-Scale Mechanics, Faculty of Engineering Technology, MESA+, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.

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This study explores wave propagation in granular materials with varying rubber content under stress. Results show nonlinear elastic properties and enhanced damping in mixtures with less than 30% rubber.

Keywords:
attenuationelastic stiffnessgranular mixturewave propagation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex mechanical behaviors under stress.
  • Understanding wave propagation is key to characterizing elastic properties.
  • The influence of soft inclusions on granular packings is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate wave propagation in granular packings with varying soft (rubber) and stiff particle content.
  • To determine the effect of hydrostatic stress and rubber content on elastic properties.
  • To analyze the transition between glass- and rubber-dominated regimes and energy dissipation.

Main Methods:

  • Physical experiments using a triaxial cell.
  • Ultrasound wave propagation measurements at high frequencies.
  • Time-of-flight and spectral analysis to deduce elastic properties and damping.

Main Results:

  • Bulk stiffness is nonlinear and non-monotonic with increasing rubber content, especially at higher pressures.
  • Spectral analysis reveals a transition from a glass- to a rubber-dominated regime.
  • Mixtures with <30% rubber content exhibit enhanced damping and slightly increased stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • Rubber particle content significantly influences the elastic and damping properties of granular packings.
  • Hydrostatic stress plays a crucial role in the observed nonlinear behavior.
  • A transition in material behavior is observed with increasing rubber content, impacting energy dissipation.