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Teaching the Concept of Computational Thinking: A STEM-Based Program With Tangible Robots on Project-Based Learning

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Integrating tangible robots into project-based learning enhances computational thinking skills. This approach improved student learning achievements without increasing cognitive load, offering a practical method for STEM education.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science Education
  • STEM Education
  • Robotics in Education

Background:

  • Computational Thinking (CT) is a crucial skill for the 21st century, essential for STEM success and informed citizenship.
  • Effective integration of teaching methods, like project-based learning (PBL), into university courses requires further evaluation.
  • Tangible robots offer high interaction and practicality, making them valuable tools for teaching and learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the integration of tangible robots into PBL courses for computational thinking skills training.
  • To enhance students' learning performance in computational thinking ability through an innovative teaching approach.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness and cognitive load associated with this novel teaching methodology.

Main Methods:

  • A semester-long study involving 105 university students across three classes.
  • Implementation of a project-based learning approach using tangible robots and visual programming.
  • Comparison with a traditional teaching method involving paper-based practice materials.

Main Results:

  • The PBL approach with tangible robots significantly improved students' learning achievements in computational thinking.
  • The experimental group demonstrated superior learning outcomes compared to the traditional teaching method.
  • Questionnaire analysis indicated that the proposed learning approach did not elevate students' cognitive burden.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating tangible robots into PBL courses is an effective strategy for improving computational thinking skills.
  • This approach enhances learning achievements without negatively impacting cognitive load.
  • The findings support the use of tangible robots in STEM education to foster essential computational skills.