Association Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment Regardless of APOE ε4 Status
Ye Sol Mun1, Hee Kyung Park2,3, Jihee Kim2
1Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background And Purpose:
In this study we aimed to find the association between neuropsychological performance and body mass index (BMI) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we investigated the effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype in the relationship between the BMI and cognition in MCI.
Methods:
We enrolled a cohort of 3,038 subjects with MCI aged 65-90 from the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea and a dementia cohort of the Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. MCI patients were classified into three subgroups according to the Asian standard of BMI. We compared cognitive performances between groups by one-way analysis of variance. To investigate the effects of the APOE genotype, we used multivariate linear regression models after adjusting for possible confounders.
Results:
Even though normal BMI groups were younger, had more females, and had less comorbidities, the higher BMI groups had better cognitive functions. Among subjects with APOE ε4 carriers, there was a positive relationship between the BMI and the memory task alone.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggested that higher BMI in patients with MCI were associated with better cognitive performance. The effects of the APOE ε4 genotype in the associations between BMI and cognition were distinguishing. Therefore, according to physical status, APOE ε4 genotype-specific strategies in the assessments and treatments may be necessary in elderly patients with MCI.
Insights
Higher body mass index (BMI) is linked to better cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype influences this association, suggesting tailored strategies for MCI patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Public Health
Background:
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects memory and thinking.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype are potential factors influencing cognitive health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between BMI and neuropsychological performance in MCI patients.
- To investigate the role of APOE genotype in the BMI-cognition relationship within MCI.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 3,038 MCI patients (aged 65-90) was analyzed.
- Patients were stratified by BMI according to Asian standards.
- Cognitive performance was compared using ANOVA; APOE genotype effects were assessed via multivariate regression.
Main Results:
- Higher BMI groups demonstrated better cognitive functions, despite being older with more comorbidities.
- A positive association between BMI and memory performance was observed specifically in APOE ε4 carriers.
Conclusions:
- Elevated BMI in MCI patients correlates with enhanced cognitive performance.
- The APOE ε4 genotype significantly modifies the relationship between BMI and cognitive function.
- Personalized assessment and treatment strategies considering BMI and APOE ε4 status are recommended for MCI management.
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