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Blood Group O Protect End-Stage Renal Disease Patients With Dialysis From Coronary Artery Disease
Zixiang Ye1, Yaxin Wu1, Yimin Tu2
1Department of Cardiology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
Insights
Blood group O may protect against coronary artery disease (CAD) in dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Individuals with blood group O had a lower risk and severity of CAD compared to other blood types.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Genetics
Background:
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis face increased cardiovascular risks.
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant complication in ESRD patients.
- The influence of ABO blood groups on CAD in this specific population remains underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between ABO blood groups and the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients undergoing dialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
- To evaluate the relationship between ABO blood types and the severity of CAD, as measured by the Gensini score, in ESRD patients on dialysis.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 408 ESRD patients on dialysis (January 2010 - December 2020).
- Included 204 patients with newly diagnosed CAD and 204 controls without CAD.
- Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association of ABO blood types with CAD risk and severity (Gensini score).
Main Results:
- Blood group O was significantly less frequent in ESRD patients with CAD compared to those without (25% vs. 38.24%).
- Blood group O showed a negative association with CAD risk (adjusted OR = 0.33) and severity (adjusted OR = 0.23 for high Gensini score tertiles) compared to blood group A.
- Blood groups A, B, and AB were positively associated with higher Gensini score tertiles compared to blood group O.
Conclusions:
- Blood group O appears to be an independent protective factor against the development and severity of coronary artery disease in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing dialysis.
- These findings suggest a potential role for ABO blood group in stratifying cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients.
Objective:
Our study aims to investigate the role of the ABO blood group in the development and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with dialysis.
Methods:
A total of 408 ESRD patients with dialysis between January 2010 and December 2020 were enrolled including 204 patients diagnosed with CAD undergoing coronary angiography for the first time, and baseline characteristics as well as Gensini score (GS) were collected. Logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate the relation of ABO blood types to the risk and severity of CAD, respectively.
Results:
Blood group O frequency was significantly low in dialysis ESRD patients with CAD (25 vs. 38.24%) compared with the non-CAD patients and multivariable logistic regression showed blood group O was negatively associated with the risk of CAD [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.19-0.60, p < 0.001] as well as the GS tertiles (adjusted OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.11-0.49, p < 0.001) compared with A blood group. Blood group A, B, and AB were positively associated with the high Gensini tertile compared with O blood group (adjusted OR = 4.26, 95% CI = 2.03-8.93, p < 0.001; adjusted OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.11-5.13, p < 0.05; adjusted OR = 4.33, 95% CI = 1.40-13.35, P < 0.05). Similarly, multivariable linear regression results revealed O blood type was negatively associated with the GS (β = -26.129, 95% CI = -40.094 to -12.164, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
This case-control study demonstrated that blood group O was a potential independent protective factor for the risk and severity of CAD in ESRD patients with dialysis.
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