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Related Experiment Videos

Experimental electrical stimulation of the bladder using a new device.

T Petersen, P Christiansen, B Nielsen

    Urological Research
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Unipolar electrodes near the ureterovesical junction effectively evoked bladder contractions in minipigs. Sacral nerve stimulation also induced contractions with minimal current, showing potential for bladder control therapies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Urinary incontinence and bladder dysfunction affect millions globally.
    • Current treatments for bladder control issues have limitations.
    • Investigating novel methods for bladder stimulation is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the efficacy of unipolar carbon fiber electrodes for evoking bladder contractions in unanesthetized minipigs.
    • To compare unipolar stimulation with bipolar and direct bladder muscle stimulation.
    • To evaluate the safety and biocompatibility of implanted electrodes and receivers.

    Main Methods:

    • Three unanesthetized female minipigs were used over six months.
    • Unipolar carbon fiber electrodes were implanted adjacent to the ureterovesical junction.

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  • Repeated bladder contractions were evoked via electrical stimulation.
  • Sacral nerve stimulation at S2 was also performed.
  • Microscopic examination assessed tissue response to implants.

    • Main Results:

    • Unipolar electrodes at the ureterovesical junction successfully evoked bladder pressure increases, comparable to previous canine studies.
    • Bipolar and direct bladder muscle stimulation were less effective or not directly compared in this setup.
    • Sacral nerve stimulation (S2) evoked bladder contractions at a minimal current threshold.
    • No cellular reaction to carbon fibers was observed.
    • A subcutaneous reaction to receivers, likely mechanical, was noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Unipolar electrodes offer a promising method for evoking bladder contractions.
    • Sacral nerve stimulation is effective at low currents for bladder control.
    • The findings support further investigation into electrode and receiver biocompatibility for clinical applications in bladder management.