Disintegrating the Structure and Improving the Functionalities of Pea Fiber by Industry-Scale Microfluidizer System

In the food industry, the most prominent and concerned points in the application of dietary fiber are hydration properties and oil absorption capacity. The target of this work was to investigate the impact of a novel industry-scale microfluidizer system (ISMS) on the changing structures and functionalities of pea fiber. Different ISMS treatment intensity (0-120 MPa for one pass and 120 MPa for two passes) was applied to treat pea fiber. ISMS treatment induced the reduction in particle size and the transformation of big compact blocks to loose flakes, and the destruction of the original ordered cellulose structure caused the decline of crystallinity. Meanwhile, the hydration properties of pea fiber were improved, and pre-pulverizer and industry-scale microfluidizer treatment together increased the swelling capacity and water retention capacity of fiber. The oil holding capacity of ISMS-treated fiber was increased to more than double the original one. The elevated functionalities of pea fiber by ISMS treatment could be attributed to loosening structure, exposing more surface area, and disordering the crystalline structure, which increased the sites of water binding and oil adsorption. These findings suggested that ISMS could be applied as an effective industrial technique to the disintegrate structure and improve the functionalities of pea fiber, so as to widen the application of pea fibers in foods.