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Advances in calcium blocker therapy.

D R Larach, R Zelis

    American Journal of Surgery
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Calcium channel blockers, like verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem, regulate calcium ion entry into cells, impacting various tissues. These drugs dilate blood vessels and have expanding clinical uses, particularly in surgery, despite potential serious side effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Cardiovascular Medicine

    Background:

    • Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a class of drugs that modulate calcium ion influx into cells.
    • Approved CCBs include verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem, with numerous others in clinical trials.
    • CCBs share vasodilatory effects but differ significantly in myocardial and cardiac conduction properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the therapeutic actions of currently used and investigational calcium channel blockers.
    • To highlight the expanding clinical indications for these agents.
    • To discuss the safety profile and potential adverse effects of calcium channel blockers.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of existing studies on calcium channel blockers.
    • Analysis of pharmacological properties and clinical applications.

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  • Examination of safety data and adverse event profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium channel blockers effectively dilate blood vessels, with variations in selectivity across vascular beds.
    • Significant differences exist in their effects on myocardial contractility and cardiac conduction.
    • While generally well-tolerated, serious adverse effects can occur in specific clinical situations.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium channel blockers are valuable therapeutic agents with diverse pharmacological profiles.
    • Their clinical applications are broadening, showing promise in surgical patient management.
    • Careful consideration of individual agent properties and potential risks is essential for optimal patient outcomes.