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Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Nanostructured Ag-zeolite Composites as Luminescence-based Humidity Sensors
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Humidity Sensing Ceria Thin-Films.

Vilko Mandić1, Arijeta Bafti1, Luka Pavić2

  • 1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev trg 20, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

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Chemically derived cerium oxide (ceria) nanoparticles were fabricated into thin-films and pellets for humidity sensing. Thin-film ceria demonstrated reversible and sensitive humidity detection, outperforming pellet forms.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Nanostructuring semiconducting oxides enhances surface area and pore volume, improving sensing material performance.
  • Ceria (cerium oxide) nanoparticles are promising nanomaterials for advanced applications.
  • Fabrication of ceria-based sensors can be achieved through methods avoiding demanding physical deposition conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To chemically derive homogeneous ceria nanoparticle slurries for sensing applications.
  • To investigate the structural, microstructural, electrical, and humidity-sensing properties of ceria thin-films and pellets.
  • To analyze the influence of configuration, thin-film thickness, and relative humidity on ceria's electrical properties and sensing performance.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
atomic force microscopy (AFM)ceria nanoparticlesfield emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD)relative humidity sensorssolid-state impedance spectroscopythin-films

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  • Homogeneous ceria nanoparticle slurries were chemically derived.
  • Samples were prepared as tape-casted thin-films on conducting glass and pressed pellets.
  • Solid-state impedance spectroscopy (SS-IS) was employed under controlled relative humidity (30%-85%) across wide temperature and frequency ranges.

Main Results:

  • Structural analysis confirmed monophasic crystalline ceria with low surface roughness.
  • Increased relative humidity led to higher DC conductivity in ceria, similar to temperature effects.
  • Ceria thin-films exhibited more sensitive and reversible humidity detection compared to pellet forms, especially in surface-mode measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically derived ceria nanoparticles, particularly in thin-film configurations, show significant potential as humidity sensing materials.
  • Thin-film thickness and measurement configuration (surface vs. cross-section) critically influence electrical properties and humidity sensitivity.
  • The reversible moisture sensitivity of thin-film ceria makes it a viable candidate for practical humidity sensing applications.