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The Pathophysiology of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis: Getting Deeper into Virchow's Triad
Aina Anton1,2, Genís Campreciós1,2,3, Valeria Pérez-Campuzano1,2
1Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Health Care Provider of the European Reference Network on Rare Liver Disorders (ERN-Liver), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication among patients with cirrhosis. However, its pathophysiology is not well established and there are currently very few predictive factors, none of which are actually useful, from a clinical perspective. The contribution of each of the vertices of Virchow's triad, e.g., blood hypercoagulability, blood flow, and portal vein endothelial damage in the development of PVT is not clear. In this review, we aim to recapitulate the latest studies on the field of PVT development in order to understand its mechanisms and discuss some of the future directions in the study of this important complication of cirrhosis.
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