Theory and Practice of Using Pulsed Electromagnetic Processing of Metal Melts

In industrial practice, various methods of external influences on metal melts are used. For example, vibration processing, exposure to ultrasound, and other physical fields. The main purpose of such influences is purposeful grinding of the metal structure, which contributes to the improvement of mechanical characteristics. The article presents an overview of research on pulse processing of ferrous and non-ferrous melts: processing with pulsed current, electromagnetic pulses and pulsed magnetic fields. The results of the analysis showed that, despite the different methods and devices used for these treatments, their effect on the structure and properties of the cast metal is generally the same. The main effect is observed in the refinement of the macro and microstructure and a simultaneous increase in the strength properties and plasticity. The intensity of the observed effects depends on the characteristics of the equipment used to create the pulses. The main characteristics are: pulse duration, pulse frequency, current amplitude, and power.