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Coping with Abiotic Stress in Plants-An Endomembrane Trafficking Perspective
Miguel Sampaio1, João Neves2, Tatiana Cardoso2
1GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/Inov4Agro, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/nº, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 15, 2022
Summary
Plant cells adapt to environmental stress by altering protein transport routes. This review highlights how changes in the endomembrane system, including the endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole, help cells survive adversity.
Area of Science:
- Plant Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Stress Physiology
Background:
- Environmental stress increasingly impacts plant cultures, necessitating cellular adaptation mechanisms.
- Plant cells, as eukaryotes, rely on coordinated intracellular transport for protein delivery to various cellular locations.
- Conventional protein trafficking involves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus, delivering cargo to vacuoles or the plasma membrane.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current knowledge on how plant cells modify protein trafficking under stress.
- To highlight the role of the endomembrane system in plant cell adaptation to environmental challenges.
- To explore unconventional protein transport routes and organelle alterations during stress responses.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of fragmented research findings.
- Analysis of changes in endomembrane system components and protein transport pathways.
- Examination of organelle morphology, activity, and content alterations under stress.
Main Results:
- Stress compromises conventional protein trafficking in plants, leading to endomembrane system modifications.
- Unconventional protein transport routes and altered organelle functions (ER, vacuole) are observed.
- These cellular adjustments equip plants to adapt and overcome environmental challenges.
Conclusions:
- Plant cell endomembrane system dynamics are crucial for maintaining homeostasis under stress.
- Understanding these altered protein transport routes is key to plant stress resilience.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complexity of plant cell adaptation mechanisms.
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