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A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers

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A Smart Multi-Sensor Device to Detect Distress in Swimmers.

Salman Jalalifar¹, Afsaneh Kashizadeh², Ishmam Mahmood¹

¹School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 15, 2022

Summary

A new waterproof sensor device detects drowning by monitoring heart rate, blood oxygen, movement, and depth. This anti-drowning system alerts lifeguards to save lives in various aquatic environments.

Keywords:

accelerometer adjustable threshold values drowning detection heart rate oxygen saturation time of submersion water depth

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Aquatic Safety Technology

Background:

Drowning is a leading cause of unintentional death globally, necessitating advanced prevention and detection systems.
Existing methods for monitoring swimmers' safety are limited, especially in diverse aquatic environments and varying depths.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a robust, waterproof sensor-based device for detecting swimmer distress and preventing drowning.
To create a system capable of real-time monitoring and alerting lifeguards to potentially hazardous situations.

Main Methods:

A waterproof device integrating heart rate, blood oxygen level (SpO2), movement, and depth sensors was designed.
Sensor data was processed by a microcontroller, comparing inputs against adjustable thresholds to identify dangerous conditions.
An alarming system was activated upon prolonged hazardous situations, transmitting alerts via Wi-Fi to lifeguards.

Main Results:

The device accurately measured heart rate (±1 BPM), SpO2 (±1%), acceleration (±2g to ±16g), and depth (up to 12.8m).
The system successfully detected a range of hazardous aquatic situations in both air and underwater tests.
Configurable thresholds allowed for adaptation to different swimming conditions and individual swimmer biometrics.

Conclusions:

The proposed sensor-based device offers a reliable and effective solution for real-time drowning detection and prevention.
This technology has the potential to significantly reduce drowning incidents and save lives globally.
Further development could lead to widespread adoption in swimming pools, beaches, and other aquatic recreational areas.