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Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero1, Susana Al-Halabí2, Alicia Pérez-Albéniz1
1Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logrono, Spain.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|February 15, 2022
Summary
Adolescent suicidal behavior is linked to depression and bullying, but buffered by self-esteem and well-being. Understanding these psychological networks can inform prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Adolescent Health
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Suicide remains a leading cause of death in adolescents.
- Psychological network models offer new insights into suicidal behavior.
- Understanding risk and protective factors is crucial for intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the psychological network structure of suicidal behavior.
- To identify risk and protective factors in school-aged adolescents.
- To explore the complex interactions within adolescent suicidal behavior.
Main Methods:
- Stratified random cluster sampling of 1790 students (mean age 15.7 years).
- Assessment of suicidal behavior, emotional/behavioral difficulties, well-being, self-esteem, depression, academic performance, socio-economic status, school engagement, bullying, and cyberbullying.
- Psychological network analysis to map relationships between factors.
Main Results:
- Depressive symptomatology had the highest network strength; bullying had the highest expected influence.
- Suicidal behavior was positively associated with depression and behavioral problems.
- Suicidal behavior was negatively associated with self-esteem and well-being.
Conclusions:
- Suicidal behavior is a complex system of cognitive, emotional, and affective factors.
- Psychological network models provide a novel perspective for understanding and intervening in adolescent suicide.
- This research supports new approaches to conceptualization, evaluation, intervention, and prevention.
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