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Cholesterol Transport Dysfunction and Its Involvement in Atherogenesis

Anastasia V Poznyak1, Dmitry A Kashirskikh2, Vasily N Sukhorukov3

  • 1Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Disorders in cholesterol metabolism, particularly reverse cholesterol transport, contribute to atherosclerosis development. Understanding these processes is key to preventing cardiovascular disease and managing dyslipidemia.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of severe cardiovascular disorders, disability, and mortality.
  • Key pathogenic processes include inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism disruptions.
  • High-density lipoprotein's (HDL) atheroprotective effect is linked to reverse cholesterol transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cholesterol metabolism disorders and their impact on atherogenesis.
  • To emphasize the role of reverse cholesterol transport in maintaining cellular cholesterol homeostasis.
  • To explore the link between altered cholesterol metabolism, dyslipidemia, and early atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cholesterol metabolism and atherogenesis.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms involved in reverse cholesterol transport.
  • Examination of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) modifications and foam cell formation.

Main Results:

  • Transformed cholesterol metabolism leads to dyslipidemia and promotes early atherosclerosis.
  • Modified LDL and subsequent foam cell formation are critical in atherosclerotic plaque development.
  • Reverse cholesterol transport is an essential endogenous pathway for cellular cholesterol export.

Conclusions:

  • Disruptions in cholesterol metabolism significantly contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.
  • Reverse cholesterol transport plays a crucial role in preventing cholesterol accumulation and maintaining vascular health.
  • Targeting cholesterol metabolism pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Keywords:
LDLatherosclerosischolesterolcholesterol transport

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