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Real world data on cardiometabolic diseases in U.S. adults during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a decentralized registry
Parth Shah1, Kim Magee2, Kiara H Buccellato2
1ObvioHealth, 3452 Lake Lynda Dr., Bld. 100 Ste 151, Orlando, FL, 32832, USA. parth.shah@obviohealth.com.
Insights
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) increase COVID-19 risk and impact well-being. However, continued use of medications like statins and diabetes treatments is supported for managing these conditions during the pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Pre-existing cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19 and mortality.
- Real-world registry data was analyzed to assess the impact of CMD on SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze real-world registry data of patients with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) and their outcomes related to COVID-19.
- To evaluate the influence of CMD on psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Participants were categorized into CMD and non-CMD groups.
- Data collected included medical history, medications, COVID-19 status, demographics, and psychological well-being (WHO-5 index) over 6 months.
- Relative risks and confidence intervals were used to compare medication/supplement frequencies.
Main Results:
- The CMD group had higher BMI and age. COVID-19 positive individuals in the CMD group reported lower well-being scores.
- Absence of CMD treatment significantly increased COVID-19 incidence (RR ~104).
- Treatment for diabetes/insulin resistance was associated with a 90% reduced risk of COVID-19 incidence.
Conclusions:
- Psychological well-being in the CMD group is influenced by COVID-19 status.
- While CMD treatment type did not affect COVID-19 status, its absence increased incidence.
- Continued use of statins, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and diabetes medications is supported for CMD patients during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Background:
Pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities place SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at a greater risk for poorer clinical course and mortality than those without it. We aimed to analyze real-world registry data focused primarily on participants with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), which were remotely obtained via a digital platform.
Methods:
Participants were divided into two groups: CMD or no cardiometabolic disease (non-CMD). They were evaluated based on their medical history, current medications/supplements, COVID-19 status, demographics, and baseline characteristics. The frequency of medications/supplements for CMD were compared using relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. The WHO (Five) Well-Being Index (WHO-5) were collected monthly for 6 months to assess psychological well-being which included cheerfulness, calmness, vigor, rest, and engagement with daily activities of interest.
Results:
The 791 enrollees represented 49 U.S. states. The CMD group had significantly higher (p < 0.0001) BMI (mean + 3.04 kg/m2) and age (mean + 9.15 years) compared to non-CMD group. In the CMD group, participants who tested positive for COVID-19 had lower (p < 0.0001) well-being scores than those without COVID-19. For the 274 participants on CMD medications/supplements, there was no statistical difference in risk of COVID-19 contracture based on medication/supplement type; however, all six participants who were not being treated for CMD were COVID-19 positive (RR ~ 104). For 89 participants who were on treatment for diabetes or insulin resistance, there was a 90% reduced risk of COVID-19 incidence (p = 0.0187).
Conclusion:
The well-being score of the CMD group was dependent on whether they tested positive for COVID-19. Type of CMD treatment did not impact COVID-19 status, but absence of treatment significantly increased COVID-19 incidence. With respect to SARS-CoV-2, our analysis supports continued use of the statins, ACE-I, ARBs, and diabetes medications in CMD patients.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04348942.
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