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"Muscle Pics", a new body-checking behavior in muscle dysmorphia?

J Cuadrado1, D Reynaud2, C Legigan3

  • 1ISCJ (Institute of Criminal Sciences and Justice), University of Bordeaux, 4, rue du Maréchal-Joffre, 33075 Bordeaux, France; University of Psychology, 3 Ter, place de la Victoire, 33076 Bordeaux, France; University Service of Physical Activity and Sport (SUAPS), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

L'Encephale
|February 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Social media behaviors like taking "Muscle Pics" are linked to muscle dysmorphia. These specific selfies and pro-muscularity content significantly predict muscle dysmorphia symptoms in weightlifters.

Keywords:
Drive for muscularityDysmorphie musculaireMuscle PicsMuscle dysmorphiaPro-muscularity websitesRéseaux sociauxSites pro-muscularitéSocial Network SystemSport

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Science
  • Psychology
  • Media Studies

Background:

  • Muscle dysmorphia is influenced by the internalization of idealized hypermuscular bodies and pro-muscularity media.
  • Understanding the link between specific body checking behaviors and muscle dysmorphia in social media contexts is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between specific body checking behaviors, particularly those occurring on social networks, and muscle dysmorphia.
  • To explore how social media use, specifically the creation of "Muscle Pics", relates to muscle dysmorphia.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to 342 university weightlifters in Bordeaux.
  • Participants provided sociodemographic information and completed measures of body checking behaviors, including "Muscle Pics" (taking specific selfies of muscles), and the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI).

Main Results:

  • Muscle dysmorphia was identified in 18.7% of the participants.
  • "Muscle Pics" were significantly correlated with muscle dysmorphia and associated with anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use, pro-muscularity websites, fitness model comparison, and gym mirror checking.
  • Specific behaviors like "Muscle Pics" (selfies and messages) and "Follow-up" were strong predictors of muscle dysmorphia.

Conclusions:

  • "Muscle Pics" demonstrated significant associations with the "drive for size" and "functional impairment" dimensions of muscle dysmorphia.
  • Pro-muscularity websites, fitness model comparisons, and gym mirror checking are linked to both muscle dysmorphia and the creation of "Muscle Pics".
  • Further research into "Muscle Pics" is needed to better understand muscle dysmorphia and its connection to pro-muscularity influences.