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Association between Non-Face-to-Face Interactions and Incident Disability in Older Adults
O Katayama1, S Lee, S Bae
1Osamu Katayama, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi Japan, katayama.o@ncgg.go.jp.
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|February 15, 2022
Summary
Maintaining social connections, including virtual ones, significantly reduces disability risk in older adults. Any interaction is better than none for promoting healthy aging and preventing disability.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Sociology of Aging
Background:
- Community-dwelling older adults are at risk of disability.
- Social interaction is crucial for healthy aging.
- The role of non-face-to-face interactions in disability prevention is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions and disability incidence in Japanese older adults.
- To determine if different types of social interactions impact disability risk differently.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study involving 1159 adults aged ≥75 years in Japan.
- Self-report questionnaires assessed face-to-face and non-face-to-face interaction status.
- Disability incidence was tracked over time, with adjustments for confounding factors.
Main Results:
- Individuals engaging in both, face-to-face only, or non-face-to-face only interactions had significantly lower disability incidence compared to those with no interactions.
- Hazard ratios for disability incidence were 0.57 (both), 0.66 (face-to-face only), and 0.47 (non-face-to-face only).
- Non-face-to-face interactions alone showed a protective effect against disability.
Conclusions:
- Encouraging any form of social interaction, including virtual, can aid in the primary prevention of disability among older adults.
- Clinicians should consider promoting diverse interaction methods to improve health outcomes.
- Maintaining social connectivity is vital for supporting independence in later life.
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