Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Single droplet displacement infrared action spectroscopy.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Broadband Light Scattering to Characterize the Absorption Spectra of Brown Carbon Chromophores.

Analytical chemistry·2026

Same author

Photochemically Driven Peptide Formation in Supersaturated Aerosol Droplets.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2024

Same author

Probing the evaporation dynamics of semi-volatile organic compounds to reveal the thermodynamics of liquid-liquid phase separated aerosol.

Chemical science·2024

Same author

Iodide oxidation by ozone at the surface of aqueous microdroplets.

Chemical science·2024

Same author

Chemically Resolved Evaporation Dynamics of Dicarboxylic Acid Mixtures in Solid Particles.

Analytical chemistry·2023

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

An Open Port Sampling Interface for the Chemical Characterization of Levitated Microparticles.

Ravleen Kaur Kohli¹, Gary J Van Berkel², James F Davies¹

¹Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|February 15, 2022

Summary

The Open Port Sampling Interface (OPSI) offers a stable and reproducible method for mass spectrometry analysis of levitated particles. This new technique eliminates the need for internal standards, improving accuracy in chemical composition studies.

More Related Videos

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Published on: March 5, 2015

VacuSIP, an Improved InEx Method for In Situ Measurement of Particulate and Dissolved Compounds Processed by Active Suspension Feeders

VacuSIP, an Improved InEx Method for In Situ Measurement of Particulate and Dissolved Compounds Processed by Active Suspension Feeders

Published on: August 3, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 3, 2025

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Published on: March 5, 2015

VacuSIP, an Improved InEx Method for In Situ Measurement of Particulate and Dissolved Compounds Processed by Active Suspension Feeders

VacuSIP, an Improved InEx Method for In Situ Measurement of Particulate and Dissolved Compounds Processed by Active Suspension Feeders

Published on: August 3, 2016

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Spectroscopy

Background:

Mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with particle levitation is crucial for chemical analysis.
Existing ionization methods like paper spray (PS) have limitations, including variability requiring internal standards.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and evaluate the Open Port Sampling Interface (OPSI) as a novel electrospray-based ionization method for levitated particles.
To assess the OPSI's stability, reproducibility, quantitation capabilities, and sensitivity for analyzing airborne particles.

Main Methods:

Levitation of micron-sized particles in an electrodynamic balance.
Optical probing for size and mass determination.
Transfer of individual particles to the OPSI for ionization and MS analysis.

Main Results:

Demonstrated effective quantitation of analytes (citric acid, maleic acid, tetraethylene glycol) in both positive and negative MS modes.
Showcased OPSI stability over 6 hours without internal standards, indicating robust performance.
Determined OPSI sensitivity across a range of analyte masses.

Conclusions:

The OPSI is a stable, reproducible, and sensitive ionization technique for mass spectrometry analysis of levitated particles.
OPSI offers significant advantages over previous methods, particularly by removing the need for internal standards for signal correction.
This method enables robust, long-term chemical analysis of airborne particles.