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Surface Analysis Techniques in Forensic Science: Successes, Challenges, and Opportunities for Operational Deployment
Melanie J Bailey1, Marcel de Puit2,3, Francesco Saverio Romolo4
1Department of Chemistry, Stag Hill Campus, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom;
Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|February 15, 2022
Summary
Advanced surface analysis techniques offer powerful forensic applications, from crime scene investigations to laboratory analysis. Further development is needed for widespread operational deployment in analyzing key forensic traces.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Surface analysis techniques have advanced significantly over the past decade.
- Current applications in forensics include gunshot residue detection and glass analysis.
- Some techniques offer portability for crime scene use, while others provide high resolution and specificity in labs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the application of advanced surface analysis techniques to common forensic traces.
- To identify areas where these techniques can add value to forensic casework.
- To outline the progress required for the operational deployment of these methods.
Main Methods:
- Review of surface mass spectrometry.
- Review of surface spectroscopy.
- Review of surface X-ray spectrometry.
Main Results:
- These techniques show promise for analyzing diverse forensic evidence.
- Potential applications include the analysis of fingerprints, hair, drugs, explosives, and microtraces.
- Many proposed applications are not yet operationally deployed.
Conclusions:
- Surface analysis tools offer significant potential for forensic casework.
- Progress is needed to transition these promising techniques into routine operational use.
- Further research and development will enhance their value in forensic investigations.
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