Metabolic Syndrome Components in a Nondiabetic Afro-Caribbean Population: Influence of Gender and Age

Our aim was to describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Afro-Caribbean adults without diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Participants were recruited from a Health Center in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. MetS was defined according to the NCEP ATP III. Prevalence of MetS and MetS components were compared across age groups and sex. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were obtained using logistic regression. There were 1011 participants (68.8% women, mean age 47.8 ± 11.8 years). Prevalence of MetS was 17.9% (21.1% women, 10.8% men) and increased by age in women. High blood pressure had the highest prevalence among men and among women ≥60 years. Prevalence of abdominal obesity (AbO) was higher in women than in men. High triglyceride levels were uncommon at all ages and, men and women <40 years, compared with the other groups had higher prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. With multiple logistic regression, compared with adults <40 years, those ≥60 years had the highest OR for prevalent hypertension 7.8 (4.8-12.8); P < 0.001, AbO 2.1 (1.3-3.3); P = 0.002 and high fasting blood glucose levels 5.5 (3.1-9.8); P < 0.001. They also had lower odds for having low HDL-C than the younger ones (G1: age <40 years). Among persons ≥60 years, OR for MetS was 1.9 (1.1-3.6); P = 0.013 compared with the referent group. Compared with men, women had higher odds of MetS 2.2 (1.5-3.3); P < 0.001. Women were more likely to have MetS than men and persons ≥60 years were significantly more likely to have MetS than persons <40 years. Preventive measures are required to reduce the prevalence of MetS.