Traumatic lesions at the thumb base: Treatment options

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Traumatology
• Hand Surgery

Background:

• The thumb base joint is prone to instability, resulting in distinct fracture patterns.
• Fractures can affect the metacarpal base, trapezium, or both, with isolated dislocations being rare.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the characteristics of traumatic lesions at the thumb base.
• To correlate fracture patterns with surgical management and outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Review of traumatic lesions affecting the thumb carpometacarpal joint.
• Classification of fracture patterns and associated dislocations.
• Discussion of surgical and non-surgical treatment modalities.

Main Results:

• Bennett's fracture is the most common, occurring in 4% of hand fractures, often in males.
• Fracture patterns dictate surgical intervention, ranging from conservative immobilization to open reduction and internal fixation.
• Articular malunion requires surgical correction; post-traumatic arthritis may necessitate arthrodesis or joint replacement.

Conclusions:

• Thumb base fractures require tailored treatment based on specific patterns and stability.
• Accurate reduction and fixation are crucial for restoring joint function and preventing long-term complications.
• Management strategies must address acute injury and potential long-term sequelae like post-traumatic arthritis.