Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

The menopause.

R D Gambrell

    Investigative Radiology
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Estrogen therapy for menopause symptoms can cause side effects. Adding progestogen to estrogen therapy reduces cancer risks and is beneficial for postmenopausal women.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    Moderate dosage estrogen-androgen therapy improves continuation rates in postmenopausal women: impact of the WHI reports.

    Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2006
    Same author

    Physicians should provide moral leadership to their communities: Presidential address.

    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2000
    Same author

    Estrogen replacement therapy in women with previous breast cancer.

    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·1999
    Same author

    Strategies to reduce the incidence of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women.

    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·1997
    Same author

    Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk.

    South African journal of surgery. Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir chirurgie·1996
    Same author

    Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk.

    Archives of family medicine·1996
    Same journal

    3D Freehand Ultrasound Imaging of Optic Nerve Sheath.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    Same journal

    Iodinated Contrast Media Hypersensitivity in 115,966 Patients: Risk Factors, Severity Profiles, and the Impact of Iodine Concentration on Reaction Risk.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    Same journal

    Improvement of Lung Nodule Volumetric Accuracy with Photon-counting Computed Tomography Over Energy-integrating Computed Tomography in Low-dose Screening: A Phantom Study.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    Same journal

    Photon-counting CT in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: Improved Metal Artifact Reduction and Impact on Bone Fusion Assessment.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    Same journal

    Quantitative Synthetic MRI in Body Imaging: Technical Basis, Current Applications, and Future Directions.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    Same journal

    Nonclinical Safety Assessment of Digadoglucitol, a Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent for the Central Nervous System.

    Investigative radiology·2026
    See all related articles

    Area of Science:

    • Gynecology
    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Estrogen deficiency during perimenopause causes various symptoms, including vasomotor instability, psychological changes, and urogenital atrophy.
    • Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a significant concern, affecting a large percentage of older women and increasing fracture risk.
    • Estrogen therapy for menopausal complaints has faced scrutiny due to potential links with endometrial cancer.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the risks and benefits of estrogen-progestogen therapy for managing menopausal symptoms.
    • To assess the impact of hormone replacement therapy on endometrial and breast cancer risks.
    • To provide guidance on weighing the advantages against potential risks in postmenopausal hormone replacement.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing reports and studies on estrogen therapy and its effects.
  • Analysis of cancer incidence rates in women using estrogen-progestogen therapy versus untreated women.
  • Evaluation of the impact of added progestogen on the risks associated with estrogen therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • Unopposed estrogen therapy may increase endometrial cancer risk, but adding progestogen negates this risk.
    • Estrogen-progestogen therapy can reduce endometrial adenocarcinoma incidence below that of untreated women.
    • Estrogen replacement therapy does not elevate breast cancer risk; incidence may even be lower with combined therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Combined estrogen-progestogen therapy offers benefits for menopausal symptoms while mitigating endometrial cancer risks.
    • The incidence of breast cancer was not increased and potentially decreased in women using estrogen-progestogen therapy.
    • Careful consideration of benefits versus risks is essential when prescribing hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women.