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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Neural mechanisms associated with semantic and basic self-oriented memory processes interact moderating self-esteem.

Rachel C Amey1, Jordan B Leitner2, Mengting Liu3

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

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|February 16, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows how the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) interact to help maintain self-esteem when receiving social feedback. These brain regions dynamically adjust state self-esteem in relation to trait self-esteem.

Keywords:
Cognitive neurosciencePsychology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Individuals manage self-esteem through processing social feedback.
  • State self-esteem is modulated by episodic or semantic processes.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying social feedback processing for self-esteem are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how encoding social feedback affects state self-esteem.
  • To examine the interplay between medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) during social feedback.
  • To understand the relationship between trait self-esteem and the modulation of state self-esteem.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized neural regions: medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC).
  • Employed time-frequency and Granger causality analyses to assess mPFC-PCC interactions.
  • Examined feedback encoding in 45 individuals and its effect on post-task state self-esteem.

Main Results:

  • Found a dynamic interplay between mPFC and PCC during social feedback processing.
  • Demonstrated that this neural interaction modulates state self-esteem relative to trait self-esteem.
  • Observed that these processes help maintain high self-esteem both in the moment and over time.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between mPFC and PCC is crucial for self-esteem regulation.
  • Social feedback processing dynamically influences state self-esteem based on trait self-esteem.
  • This neural mechanism supports the maintenance of general self-esteem levels.