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Ole Isacson: Development of New Therapies for Parkinson's Disease
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Returning to basic principles to develop more effective treatments for central nervous system disorders.

Bruce E Wexler1

  • 1Yale University, Hamden, CT 06517, USA.

Experimental Biology and Medicine (Maywood, N.J.)
|February 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

New digital neurotherapies (DNTs) offer a promising, targeted approach to treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases by leveraging the brain

Keywords:
Central nervous system disordersdigital neurotherapyemergenceentropyneurosystemstreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Physics
  • Complex Systems Biology

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) disease treatment development is stalled, with 93% of drugs failing clinical trials.
  • Current diagnostic and therapeutic imaging techniques like PET and fMRI have not met expectations.
  • Existing treatments (medications, transcranial stimulation) lack specificity due to misalignment with the brain's neurosystem organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate CNS disease treatment strategies by understanding the brain as a physical system governed by emergence and entropy.
  • To propose Digital Neurotherapies (DNTs) as a novel, specific, and effective treatment modality for CNS disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis integrating principles of physics (emergence, entropy) with neuroscience.
  • Examination of neural functional systems, their emergent properties, and negentropic input shaping neuroplasticity.
  • Comparison of DNTs with conventional treatments (pharmacological, neuromodulation) based on alignment with neurosystem organization.

Main Results:

  • The brain's complex, hierarchical organization and emergent properties are shaped by negentropic processes.
  • CNS diseases disrupt these neural systems, and current treatments lack specificity.
  • DNTs align with the brain's natural input pathways and neuroplastic processes for targeted repair.

Conclusions:

  • Digital Neurotherapies (DNTs) represent a paradigm shift in CNS treatment, offering specificity by working with the brain's inherent organizational principles.
  • The underutilization of DNTs stems from outdated dualistic thinking, underestimating the physical basis of perceptual and cognitive interventions.
  • DNTs harness fundamental physical processes underlying life and cognition, providing a scientifically grounded approach to CNS disorders.