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Characteristics associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from

Manuel Francisco Ugarte-Gil1,2, Graciela S Alarcón3,4, Zara Izadi5,6

  • 1Grupo Peruano de Estudio de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru mugarte@cientifica.edu.pe.

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|February 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with COVID-19 face severe outcomes due to older age, male sex, comorbidities, and active disease. Glucocorticoid use and certain immunosuppressants also correlate with worse COVID-19 prognosis in SLE.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can increase susceptibility to infections.
  • The impact of COVID-19 on patients with SLE requires further investigation to identify risk factors for severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify demographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in a global cohort of patients with SLE.

Main Methods:

  • A global registry of patients with SLE and COVID-19 (March 2020-June 2021) was analyzed.
  • A multivariable ordinal logistic regression model assessed predictors of COVID-19 severity, defined by hospitalization, oxygenation needs, ventilation, or death.

Main Results:

  • Older age, male sex, higher prednisone dosage, lack of current SLE treatment, comorbidities (kidney, cardiovascular disease), and active SLE were linked to more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Mycophenolate, rituximab, and cyclophosphamide were associated with worse outcomes compared to hydroxychloroquine; methotrexate and belimumab showed more favorable outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Demographic factors, comorbidities, and active or untreated SLE significantly drive severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with SLE.
  • Glucocorticoid use is also associated with increased COVID-19 severity in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19epidemiologylupus erythematosussystemic

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