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Updated: Oct 3, 2025
Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes
Published on: December 16, 2019
HIV-1 and methamphetamine alter galectins -1, -3, and -9 in human monocyte-derived macrophages
Kinga Grabowska1,2, Katarzyna Macur1,3, Sarah Zieschang1
1Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Abstract:
Macrophages are key elements of the innate immune system. Their HIV-1 infection is a complex process that involves multiple interacting factors and various steps and is further altered by exposure of infected cells to methamphetamine (Meth), a common drug of abuse in people living with HIV. This is reflected by dynamic changes in the intracellular and secreted proteomes of these cells. Quantification of these changes poses a challenge for experimental design and associated analytics. In this study, we measured the effect of Meth on expression of intracellular and secreted galectins-1, -3, and -9 in HIV-1 infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) using SWATH-MS, which was further followed by MRM targeted mass spectrometry validation. Cells were exposed to Meth either prior to or after infection. Our results are the first to perform comprehensive quantifications of galectins in primary hMDM cells during HIV-1 infection and Meth exposure a building foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular pathology of hMDM resulting from viral infection and a drug of abuse-Meth.
Insights
Methamphetamine alters galectin expression in HIV-1 infected macrophages. This study quantifies galectins-1, -3, and -9 in human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) exposed to Meth during HIV infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Macrophages are crucial innate immune cells.
- HIV-1 infection in macrophages is complex and influenced by drug abuse.
- Methamphetamine (Meth) use is common in people living with HIV and impacts cellular responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Meth exposure on galectin expression in HIV-1 infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM).
- To quantify changes in intracellular and secreted galectins-1, -3, and -9.
- To establish a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellular pathology in hMDM.
Main Methods:
- Utilized SWATH-MS for comprehensive quantification of galectins.
- Employed MRM targeted mass spectrometry for validation.
- Exposed primary hMDM to Meth before or after HIV-1 infection.
Main Results:
- First comprehensive quantification of galectins in primary hMDM under HIV-1 infection and Meth exposure.
- Identified dynamic changes in intracellular and secreted galectin proteomes.
- Provided insights into Meth's influence on galectin expression in HIV-1 infected cells.
Conclusions:
- Methamphetamine significantly alters galectin expression in HIV-1 infected macrophages.
- This study provides crucial data on galectin dynamics in hMDM.
- Findings pave the way for future research into HIV-1 and Meth-induced cellular pathology.
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