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[Integrated Care Protocol: Hypertension].

Gabriela Borrayo-Sánchez1, Martin Rosas-Peralta2, María Cristina Guerrero-León3

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Coordinación de innovación en Salud, Programa "A todo Corazón, Código Infarto". Ciudad de México, México.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|February 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypertension, a common cardiovascular risk factor, affects 30% of adults, often undiagnosed. The Mexican Institute of Social Security

Keywords:
DiagnosisHypertensionPreventionTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading cardiovascular risk factor, causing severe complications like stroke, heart failure, and kidney failure.
  • Approximately 30% of adults over 20 have hypertension, with 40% unaware due to asymptomatic onset.
  • Treatment adherence and control remain suboptimal, with only half of diagnosed patients receiving treatment and half of those achieving target blood pressure (<14/90 mmHg).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the Integrated Care Protocols (PAI) initiative by the Mexican Institute of Social Security for managing major diseases.
  • To outline a multidisciplinary approach integrating three levels of medical care for hypertension management.
  • To detail updated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for hypertension, including special populations.

Main Methods:

  • The protocol integrates care across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels.
  • It emphasizes the roles of a multidisciplinary team: doctors, nurses, social workers, psychologists, and nutritionists.
  • Includes updated guidelines on diagnostic criteria, blood pressure measurement (office and out-of-office), pharmacotherapy (mono-, dual-, triple-therapy), non-drug interventions, and follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Presents an algorithmic approach for diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
  • Addresses the diagnostic workup for secondary hypertension.
  • Covers specific management strategies for hypertension in pregnancy, hypertensive crises, elderly patients, and those with ischemic or nephropathic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The Integrated Care Protocols (PAI) offer a structured, multidisciplinary framework for improving hypertension management.
  • Updated guidelines and algorithmic approaches aim to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy.
  • This initiative seeks to improve hypertension control rates and mitigate associated cardiovascular complications.