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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Updated: Oct 3, 2025

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Gout. What's up doc?

Fernando Pérez Ruiz1, Nuria Pérez Herrero2, María Ángeles Gantes Pedraza3

  • 1Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Osakidetza, OSI Enkarterri-Eskerraldea-Cruces, Grupo de Investigación en Artritis, Instituto de Investigación Biocruces-Bizkaia, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, España.

Medicina Clinica
|February 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gout knowledge has significantly advanced, establishing it as a controllable disease. New understanding covers prevalence, genetics, urate handling, and improved patient management strategies.

Keywords:
DiagnosisDiagnósticoGotaGoutPuesta al díaReviewRevisiónTratamientoTreatmentUpdate

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Gout Pathophysiology
  • Urate Metabolism

Background:

  • Gout definitions and nomenclature have been standardized.
  • Gout is now recognized as a controllable or curable condition.
  • Recent advancements have reshaped the understanding of gout management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the significant progress in gout knowledge over the last two decades.
  • To highlight new insights into gout's prevalence, genetics, and urate transport.
  • To outline updated therapeutic targets and patient management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on gout.
  • Analysis of genetic and transportome studies related to hyperuricemia.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic imaging and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of gout in Spain has been determined.
  • Genetic factors and urate transport mechanisms are better understood.
  • Effective prescribing of medications and prevention of adverse events are now established.

Conclusions:

  • Gout management has evolved with defined therapeutic targets and improved patient empowerment.
  • Adherence, education, and patient empowerment are crucial for successful gout treatment.
  • The XXIst century has brought substantial improvements in understanding and managing gout.