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Systemic drug photosensitivity.

B Ljunggren, M Bjellerup

    Photo-Dermatology
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Systemic drugs can cause photosensitivity through phototoxic or photoallergic reactions. Most photosensitizing drugs absorb UVA light, with ongoing research into their mechanisms and structure-activity relationships.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Pharmacology
    • Photobiology

    Background:

    • Photosensitivity is a known side effect of systemic drug treatments.
    • Reactions manifest as either phototoxic (non-immunologic) or photoallergic (immune-dependent) phenomena.
    • Phototoxic reactions are more prevalent and associated with various drug classes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the mechanisms of drug-induced photosensitivity.
    • To identify common drug groups associated with photosensitivity.
    • To explore the role of UVA light and drug metabolites in these reactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of systemic drugs causing photosensitivity.
    • Analysis of drug action spectra, predominantly within the UVA range.

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  • Examination of experimental data on photoproducts and metabolites.

    • Main Results:

    • Common photosensitizing drugs include tetracyclines, phenothiazines, NSAIDs, nalidixic acid, amiodarone, and griseofulvin.
    • Some drugs, like quinidine/quinine and sulfonamides, may also cause photoallergic reactions.
    • Drug photoproducts and metabolites can significantly contribute to biological photoreactions.

    Conclusions:

    • Drug-induced photosensitivity is a significant clinical concern.
    • Understanding the mechanisms, including UVA absorption and metabolic contributions, is crucial.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate structure-activity relationships for better management.